Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Alcohol Dependence     

Amrita Chaudhary  Pradeep Kumar  Vandana Rai 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(3):257

Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) enzyme catalyzes the metabolism of dopamine and other catechols in the brain. Several articles investigated catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism as risk factor for alcohol dependence (AD) but the results were inconclusive. The aim of present meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of Val158Met (COMT) polymorphism with AD. Authors performed keyword search of the 4 electronic databases—Pubmed, Google Scholar, Springer Link and Science Direct databases up to December 31, 2019. Total eighteen studies that investigated the association of Val158Met polymorphism with AD were retrieved. The pooled results from the meta-analysis (2278 AD cases and 3717 healthy controls) did not show association with AD using all 5 genetic models (allele contrast model: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.90–1.14, p = 0.03; homozygote model: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.81–1.38, p = 0.69; dominant model: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.85–1.14, p = 0.87; co-dominant model: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.86–1.11, p = 0.71; recessive model: OR = 1.05;95% CI = 0.85–1.29, p = 0.61). Results of subgroup analysis showed that Val158Met is not risk for AD in Asian and Caucasian population. In conclusion, COMT Val158Met is not a risk factor for alcohol dependence.  相似文献   

突发公共事件中舆论场域情景嵌入对信息级联影响研究——基于耦合性启发与依存性认知路径     

阳长征 《情报杂志》2021,(4):187-193,154

[目的/意义]为了探索基于情景嵌入与场域依存的突发公共事件信息级联行为影响机制,以实现对突发事件信息进行差异化监控与治理,并可从情景嵌入的视角强化正面信息的传播效果。[方法/过程]以交互情景嵌入、情感情景嵌入与关系情景嵌入为自变量,耦合性启发为中介变量,信息级联为因变量,场域依存性与群体同质性为调节变量构建研究理论模型,通过问卷调查法对相关数据进行采集,采用结构方程及多层模型对数据进行处理和分析。[结果/结论]其研究发现:a.突发公共事件中,交互情景嵌入、情感情景嵌入及关系情景嵌入通过耦合性启发中介作用对信息级联产生显著正向影响;b.场域依存性在交互情景嵌入、情感情景嵌入及关系情景嵌入对耦合性启发影响路径中的调节效应均显著,群体同质性在耦合性启发对用户信息级联影响路径中具有显著正向调节效应;c.场域情景嵌入与耦合性启发对信息级联的影响效应,在人口统计学上存在显著性差异。  相似文献   

Interorganizational information systems visibility and supply chain performance     

《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(2):285-295

Despite growing emphasis on the importance of supply chain visibility, few companies to date have fully benefited from the information resources of their supply chain partners. A review of existing literature about supply chain visibility reveals that there are two essential forces at work, namely (1) collaborative behavior – i.e., firms willing to share information with supply chain partners in order to leverage social capital, and (2) opportunistic behavior – i.e., firms wanting to maintain some degree of information asymmetry in order to manage the behaviors of their supply chain partners. In order to identify the antecedents of IOS visibility, our operational definition of supply chain visibility, the two theories – resource dependence theory (RDT) and relational view (RV) – are used to cobble together a set of variables in a framework to investigate their relationships to IOS visibility. The data used in this study was collected from 124 intermediate component manufacturers in three different manufacturing industries. The results show that IOS visibility positively influences overall supply chain performance, as measured by operational performance. Regarding the antecedents of IOS visibility, factors including asset specificity, interorganizational trust, complementary resources, and joint governance structures are significant, whereas environmental uncertainty and interdependence are not significant.  相似文献   

铀对外依存与铀供应保障的关系研究     

崔娜 《资源科学》2014,36(9):1907-1914

理性认识铀对外依存,正确理解铀对外依存度与铀供应保障之间的关系是正确分析我国铀供应现状、完善铀供应体系的前提和基础。通过对铀对外依存度的概念、内涵、计算方法及世界主要核电国家/区域铀供应体系的分析得出:由于世界铀资源分布与核电发展的非均衡性,铀市场注定是全球性市场;铀对外依存度仅能反映铀供应安全的一个方面,铀供应的关键问题在于构建合理的铀供应保障体系,保证国外铀产品为我所用。为保障能源资源长远供应安全,我国有必要在一定程度上对外依存铀,同时加大国内铀矿勘探开发投入力度,全方位开展国际铀贸易,灵活采取多种方式促进海外铀资源勘探开发,积极发展天然铀循环加工服务,建立和扩充铀储备完善现有铀供应体系。  相似文献   

On the Politics of Calculative Devices     

Ine Van Hoyweghen 《Journal of Cultural Economy》2014,7(3):334-352

This article examines the politics of calculative devices in one of the most successful areas of finance, the life insurance business. By empirically tracing an insurance applicant's risk trajectory, it analyses how calculative devices perform insurance underwriting through acting on insurance risk decisions. This allows one to document what calculative devices exactly do, and to point out the political effects of what they do. First, it highlights the fact that, contrary to thinking in terms of ‘the insurance logic’, there are multiple ways of calcuting life insurance risks. Second, it underscores the crucial role of calculative devices in that process by demonstrating how they align considerations as divergent as economics and medicine to perform a life insurance market. It then demonstrates the political effects of these calculative devices by making explicit how the latter contribute to the production of inequalities in calculative power in life insurance. In this way, the article links up insights from the performativity approach in the sociology of markets with the broader question of governing economic life. Such an approach, it is argued, provides the opportunity to open up the organization of economic markets and to put classic questions of justice and power struggles in economic markets on the agenda again.  相似文献   

“00后”大学生典型课堂问题行为与修正策略研究     

陈堃  彭艳青 《科教文汇》2021,(10):163-164

课堂问题行为的出现,是“00后”大学生对课堂教学的兴趣减退的一个主要表现。针对大学生产生手机依赖、情绪和行为方式以从众为标准的现状,该文对当前“00后”大学生出现课堂问题行为的心理动机进行分析,并从教学方式和家庭氛围两个方面分析“00后”大学生典型课堂问题行为的成因,从而提出维护学生的学习思维和主观动机、帮助学生推进独立人格发展的两点修正策略。  相似文献   

路径依赖与中国经济制度变迁的成本分析     

郭磊磊 《大众科技》2011,(9):223-224

中国采取渐进型经济体制变迁路径,以较小的初始成本实现了计划体制向市场体制的转变,但随着经济体制的不断深入,后改革时期处于攻坚阶段,原有制度改革的不彻底造成一些区域进入锁定状态,文章分析原因并给出相应政策建议。  相似文献   

大学生网络信息可信度感知影响因素的实证研究     

刘芳  朱沙 《大学图书情报学刊》2011,29(2):69-73,83

借助于＂媒介可信度理论＂与＂媒介系统依赖理论＂,采用问卷调查方法,我们探讨了大学生群体对于网络信息的可信度评价。研究发现,大学生群体在网络上不同类型的信息之间,其可信度评价存在显著差异;大学生群体对网络的信任程度与其对于网络的使用或者依赖程度呈显著正相关;大学生群体对网络的知觉易用性与网络的知觉有用性呈显著正相关。  相似文献   

价值的社会实践依赖性及其意义——拉兹近来的价值论研究     

强乃社 《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2007,21(2):25-28

拉兹对价值依赖社会实践提出的解释是,价值依赖于人们奉行一定价值的实践。有些价值对社会实践的依赖是特殊的,这些价值只有在这些实践中才存在。有些是一般的,以特殊性依赖为基础。这样,价值就是多元的,但不是相对主义的。  相似文献   

场依存/场独立与外语学习研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

曹琦 《玉溪师范学院学报》2005,21(7):64-66

关于场依存/场独立对外语学习的影响,国内外众多的学者进行了大量的研究,有改进测量工具的,有改变研究对象的,但研究的结果却众说纷呈,有的结论甚至互相矛盾。对此,我们只有正视这些问题,积极尝试新想法才有可能研究中取得新进展。  相似文献